How do you say Snow? by J. S. Marlo

 

J. S. Marlo's BWL Books

I have often heard that Inuit people have more than 50 words for snow. It's not quite true, but they do have many words for snow.

Back in November, I was checking the weather, and one day I saw a term I'd never heard before: light snow grains. The grains threw me for a loop. I was taking a long walk that morning, and the white stuff resembled prickly snow, so once I got back, I googled snow grains. From there, since I like for my stories to take place in the winter, I looked at how many different kind of snow term I could find in English.

Snow: Frozen precipitation in the form of white or translucent ice crystals in complex branched hexagonal form. It most often falls from stratiform clouds, but can fall as snow showers from cumuliform ones. At temperatures > than -5 °C, the crystals generally cluster to form snowflakes.

Wet snow: Snow with a high moisture content.

Dry snow: Snow with a low moisture content.

Snow grains: Frozen precipitation in the form of very small, white opaque grains of ice. The solid equivalent of drizzle. Their diameter is generally < 1 mm. When grains hit hard ground, they do not bounce or shatter. They usually fall in very small quantities, mostly from Status clouds or fog and never in the form of a shower.

Snow pellets: Frozen precipitation of particles of either spherical or conical ice; their diameter is about 2 to 5 mm. They are brittle, easily crushed, and unlike hail, when they fall on hard ground, they bounce and often break up. Snow pellets always occur in showers and are often accompanied by snowflakes or raindrops when the surface temperature is around 0 °C.

Blowing snow: Snow particles violently stirred up by wind to sufficient heights above the ground to reduce visibility to 10 km or less.

Snow squall: A heavy snow shower accompanied by sudden strong winds.

Frost: Frost is the condition that exists when the temperature of the air near the earth or earth-bound objects falls to freezing or lower (0 °C). Alternately, frost or hoar frost describes a deposition of ice crystals on objects by direct sublimation of water vapour from the air.

Hail: Precipitation of small balls or pieces of ice with a diameter ranging from 5 to 50 mm or more. Hail is generally observed during heavy thunderstorms.

Ice: The solid form of water. It can be found in the atmosphere in the form of ice crystals, snow, ice pellets, and hail for example.

Ice crystals: Precipitation in the form of slowly falling, singular or unbranched ice needles, columns, or plates. They make up cirriform clouds, frost, and ice fog. Also, they produce optical phenomena such as halos, coronas, and sun pillars. May be called "diamond dust." Precipitation of ice crystals in the form of needles, columns or plates sometimes so tiny, they seem suspended in air. They are mainly visible when they glitter in sunshine and occur only at very low temperatures and stable air masses.

Ice pellets: Precipitation of transparent or translucent pellets of ice, which are spherical or irregular shaped, having a diameter of 5 mm or less. They are classified into two types: hard grains of ice consisting of frozen rain drops or largely melted and refrozen snowflakes; pellets of snow encased in a thin layer of ice which have formed from the freezing of droplets intercepted by pellets or water resulting from the partial melting of pellets. Ice pellets usually bounce when hitting hard ground and make a sound on impact. They can fall as continuous precipitation or in showers.

Freezing rain: Rain, the drops of which freeze on impact with the ground or with objects at or near the ground.

Freezing drizzle: Drizzle, the drops of which freeze on impact with the ground or with objects at or near the ground.

Can I tell the difference between  all of them when I'm outside? Most of the time, but I oblivious didn't know about snow grains LOLOL

One thing I can say, it's how cold it gets in my northern corner of the world.  

It's so cold...we had to chop up the piano for firewood.  Ya, we only got two chords.

It's so cold...grandpa's teeth were chattering.  In the glass!

It's so cold...eating ice cream was knocked down to #4 in the "Top Five Ways to get a Brain Freeze".

It is so cold...we can toss a cup of hot water in the air and hear it shatter into ice crystals.

Happy reading! Stay Warm & Safe!

Many hugs!

JS

 

J. S. Marlo's Website

"Life's too short..."

Download Charlie's story at BWL

            Our world is made up of words. We write them, speak them, hear them, read them. We use them to describe our world, express our feelings, share experiences and expand our imaginations. How we put words together gives people some indication of our intelligence or our education; our current state of mind; our intentions.

            But because our world is made up of so many different ethnic groups and nationalities, words are distinct and certainly subject to interpretation. Whether you write or read or watch television programs, you might come across a word or phrase which is unfamiliar. A simple example: what do you call the rather long, cushioned piece of furniture in your living room? A sofa; a couch; a divan? And to add another dimension to our confusion, in what century are we talking? Is it a settee? What about that cast iron cooking pan? Did you grow up calling it a frying pan or a skillet? Have you ever known it as a spider?

            I work only in the English language. I took French in high school and Spanish in college but am fluent in neither. I spent a week in Paris one summer and after perhaps half that time, I began to understand some of the signs and words I came across but I could never begin to understand the spoken language as it is rapid and lyrical and far beyond my high school experience. I envy people who know more than one language. I enjoy reading books set in different countries because although they are written in English, there are words unique to the country of origin. Words like a lift (elevator), a boot (trunk of a car), a jumper (sweater) are so fun to read.

            What are some of your favorite words? Are they part of your culture or unique to the part of the country or world where you live? Do they have to do with your ancestors? Is it a word your grandparent always said? Are they favorites because of their definition, their spelling or their sound?

            We put words together to form sentences, thoughts or messages to impart information. From our earliest introduction to language, we learn to use words to express ourselves and to ask and answer questions about our world. We write answers to test questions and conduct serious social debates.

I want you to think about very short groups of words put together to form what we call sayings or idioms. You can find these everywhere from bumper stickers to jingles and commercial trademarks. Many of the more famous sayings can be found in Bartlett’s Familiar Quotations. From childhood we began attributing sayings such as “Honesty is the Best policy” to Abraham Lincoln or the famous “Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country” to President John Kennedy. Wonderful people like Maya Angelou, Gandhi and Mother Theresa have left us a treasure trove of inspirational sayings. Even though you might not recognize its author, quite often you know and understand the saying.

Many words and sayings are used so much they become clichés. While there is nothing wrong with clichés (it’s raining cats and dogs), it is much more fun to use words that are fresh and unique.

One of my favorites is “Not all who wander are lost” which originated with J.R.R. Tolkien in The Fellowship of the Ring. Another is on the back of a tee-shirt. In a vertical row it has the days of the week – “Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday,” then across the bottom – “See, there is no Someday.” Think about it. Does it speak to you as it did me?

The same questions can be asked about sayings as we asked about words. Where did the saying come from; does it have multiple meanings depending on your ethnicity? Is there deeper meaning than what you might first read into the words?

Years ago I began using a saying on my website which I like to attribute to my new insight into my world at a time when things didn’t make sense. At that time, I wasn’t always in a good frame of mind. Two years after ending a forty year marriage, I was diagnosed with cancer and began another arduous journey. Some days I had a very hard time living this mantra, and yet most days they were the most important words I could say to myself:

“Life is too short to go through it in a bad mood.”

Think about idioms. Write down some of your favorites. Is there a pattern in what you relate to? What would your expression be based on something from your life or something you are working toward in the future? Are your sayings funny or are they related to growing and reaching new levels? Maybe they are about how to live life or something about feelings, emotions and believing.

Above my door where I read it every time I leave the house is another of my favorites:

“It’s never too late to live happily ever after.”

Barb Baldwin

http://www.authorsden.com/barbarajbaldwin

http://www.bookswelove.com/romance-authors/baldwin-barbara/

            

World Building For All Genres Part 3 Janet Lane Walters #characters #writing #language #etymology

The next area of World building to consider is Characters. There are a number of areas where people help weave the world web.

Clothing is a must. In contemporary stories all manner of places and pictures can help clothe your characters and point to their career, their status in life and where they life. For historical characters there are costume books. If paranormal is your bent, imagination can take over. You can also adapt clothing from pictures of books to dress your people.

Language is important in world building. In paranormal stories finding words that give an other world flavor can be difficult as well as confusing. I’ve read some books with glossaries but constantly turning pages to decipher meaning can turn a reader to a different book. Also using too many strange words can turn prose into gibberish. What you need to do is find words that hint to what the characters are tasting, seeing, hearing, touching and smelling.

If you say. “He raised a con of lug and sipped, the reader’s brow will furrow. But if you say He raised a mug of kafa, the reader will think coffee.

I have three reference books I use. One is a seven language dictionary and the other is an etymology. They have helped me find the words I need. When writing the Egypt books I found an encyclopedia of terms that helped there. The third book is Orson Scott Card’s How To Write Science Fiction and Fantasy. Great world building chapter.

For historical stories the wrong word can jolt the reader out of the story, Also too much usage of the right words such as dialect can send a reader searching for another book. Sometimes the word can be right but it seems too modern to the reader. Take pothole. There have been potholes that were called just that during historical periods as well as today. A friend had to change pothole in her book because an editor felt the word was modern. Also remember when you’re searching for a word to use is that words can change meaning.

In contemporary stories language plays a role in creating the dream. Every career choice, region of the country have specific words. There’s argot, cant, slang whatever you choose to call these expressions, using one of these words can point to a specific area or career.

For example, I’m from Pittsburgh. When company’s coming I’m apt to red up the house rather than clean.

If a character says “Heart attack:” we might think lay person but if "Cardiac arrest,” is used we think of medical personnel.

He aimed his piece, or his gat or his gun or his Glock. Those words can change an opinion of a character and of the world he or she inhabits.

One good thing about writing a contemporary story is there are experts to interview who can provide language and information to help build your world. These people are almost always happy to talk to a writer.

Actually when doing an interview I had an interesting event. How I was nearly arrested for murder.

I needed to speak to a policeman to learn when I could schedule a murder victim’s funeral as this led to the climax of the story. My daughter had a friend from school who became a policeman. He had been at the house many times and was semi-adopted into the family. I called his off-duty phone and left a message for him to call me back.

A few hours later he returned the call. “What’s wrong? What can I do?” he asked.

“It’s about this woman I just murdered. How long before she can be buried.”

Then I heard. “No, Guys settle. She’s a writer.” There was a pause. Then he said, “Ma, I’m at the station. You’re on speaker.”